The common cold is a viral upper-respiratory infection that inflames the lining of the nose and throat. Symptoms include runny or stuffy nose, watery eyes, sneezing, coughing, congestion, mild aches, pains, and occasionally fever. Nasal discharge is usually watery and clear at the onset but may become thick and discolored within a few days. Colds are caused by viruses, not by drafts or failure to dress warmly. Most people recover within about 7-10 days. However, people with weakened immune systems, asthma, or conditions that affect the lungs and breathing passages may develop serious illness, such as pneumonia. Common colds are the main reason that children miss school and adults miss work. Each year in the United States, millions of people get the common cold. Adults have an average of 2-3 colds per year, and children have even more.
How to control the spread:
- Wash your hands often with soap and water. Wash them for at least 20 seconds, and help young children do the same. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. Viruses that cause colds can stay on your hands, and regular hand washing can help protect you from getting sick.
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands. Viruses that cause colds can enter your body this way and make you sick.
- Stay away from people who are sick. Sick people can spread viruses that cause the common cold through close contact with others.
- Disinfect frequently touched surfaces, including objects such as toys and doorknobs.
References: OSPI and CDC.gov
