Statistics Vocabulary

Here you will find all the vocabulary words that you will need to know for this unit. These can and will show up on the final exam.

The mean of the data

A graph of observed data using a sequence of rectangles, whose

widths are fixed and whose heights are proportional to the number of observations,

proportion of total observations, or probability of occurrence

Another name for normal distribution

A term used to describe statistics that don't provide an accurate representation of the population

A method for demonstrating graphically the locality, spread and skewness groups of numerical data through their quartiles

Data that fits into a small number of discrete categories

Direct relationship between two variables

Also known as a pie chart, it is a circular statistical graphic which is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportion

Another word for group

A type of sampling whereby observations are selected at random from

several clusters instead of at random from the entire population

Describes the level of correlation or dependence between two variables and is between -1 and +1

Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis

A piece of data

The logical reasoning that something must be true because it is a particular

case of a general statement that is known to be true

A value that depends on another variable to exhibit change

Collecting, organizing, summarizing, and presenting data

The degree of scatter or concentration of observations around its center or

middle

A line graph that orders the data along a real number line

Moral principles on which decisions and actions are based

How often a data value happens

A table that shows how data are distributed

A bar graph with bars that touch

A variable that you modify, control or manipulate in order to investigate its effects

The process of drawing inferences about an entire class based upon

observations on a few of its members

Making generalizations about and drawing conclusions from the data collected

The difference between the first quartile and third quartile of a set of data

The line that best represents the trend that the points in a scatter plot follow

The left most number in each class

Shows how scattered or dispersed a database is

The middle point of data

The value in a database that repeats the most number of times. If none of the values repeat, there’s no mode in that database.

A method of displaying random variables in a bell-shaped graph, indicating that data close to the average or mean occur more frequently than data distant from the average or mean value

Non-experimental data, and there is no control of potential confounding variables in the study

A belief or conviction, based on what seems probable or true but not demonstrable fact

A data point that differs significantly from other observations

The set containing all the people or objects whose properties are to be described and analyzed by the data collector

Divided into four equal parts

Divided into five equal parts

A sample obtained in such a way that every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample

The difference between the lowest and highest values in a collection of data

A sample that exhibits characteristics typical of those possessed by the target population

A subset of the population

The number of sampling units which are to be included in the sample

A graph of two-variable data in which each point is located by its coordinates (X, Y)

The practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample

A metric that calculates the square root of a variance and it informs you how far a single or group result deviates from the average

Occurs when you use sample data to generate an inference or conclusion

A semi-graphical method used to represent numerical data, in which the first (leftmost) digit of each data value is a stem and the rest of the digits of the number are the leaves

A method of sampling from a population whereby the population is divided into parts and then assigned proportions of the sample are then sampled from each stratum

The right most number in each class

A measurement of the distance between the mean and data point of a variable