The development of technology opened up the microscopic world of cells.

The first three are the original tenets.

The last two have been added as we grow with understanding.

All living organisms:

• are made of cells (unicellular or multicellular)
  
• can respond to stimuli (senses)
  
• can perform chemical activities (ingest, digest, respire, excrete)
  
• can grow and develop (cell division)
  
• can reproduce their own kind (asexual or sexual)
  

Cell without a nucleus, the DNA is a single chain found in the cytoplasm; the kingdom with these cells include bacteria.

Cells with a true nucleus where the DNA is found; it has a cell membrane and multiple organelles too; kingdoms with these cells include animal, plant, fungi, and protist.

The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms. Kingdoms are cells!

eukaryotic multicellular vertebrates or invertebrates, must find their food;

food chain role - consumer

eukaryotic multicellular organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis;

food chain role - producers

eukaryotic multicellular organisms which break down dead organic material;

food chain role - decomposer

disease agent - pathogen

eukaryotic unicellular or multicellular organisms;

food chain role - producer, consumer

disease agent - pathogen

prokaryotic unicellular organisms;

food chain role - producer, decomposer

disease agent - pathogen

Compare and contrast these structures/organelles common to animal and plant cells:

cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, and vacuoles.

cell wall

cell membrane

cytoplasm

nucleus (DNA)

mitochondria

chloroplast

vacuole

lysosome

Can you identify the structures above in the diagram below?

Diffusion & Osmosis

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

Mitosis

These processes allow materials to move in/out of the cell through the membrane.

Photosynthesis is the process of making glucose or food molecules.

Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy from food molecules.

(aerobic respiration is another name for cellular respiration)

SEE DIAGRAM BELOW

Mitosis is a cell process that makes more identical cells.

Purpose - produce new cells for prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

1. Prokaryotic Cells - Bacteria clone themselves to create more bacteria.

2. Eukaryotic Cells - Fungi, Plant and Animal cells copy and divide so the organism can:

- grow and develop

- repair itself

- reproduce

Mitosis Phases

Phase 1 Interphase

- The cell's DNA is copied; An exact copy is made if all goes well.

Phase 2 Prophase

-The DNA pairs come together preparing to line up at the center of the cell.

Phase 3 Metaphase

- The DNA pairs line up as the membrane begins to pinch in at the center of the cell.

Phase 4 Anaphase

- The DNA pairs are pulled apart each moving toward the centromeres at each end.

Phase 5 Telophase

- Each end of the cell has a full set of DNA, the membrane completely breaks to 2 new cells.

Science Changes

ummm....6 Kingdoms? Where's bacteria?

History of Classification of Living Things

Taught to 1960 ish

- 2 Kingdoms: Plant and Animal

Taught to 2010 ish

- 5 Kingdoms: Animal, Plant, Fungi, Protist, Bacteria

Current trend!

- 6 Kingdoms: Animal, Plant, Fungi, Protist, Eubacteria, Archaeabacteria